SrI: SrImathE SatakOpAya nama: SrImathE rAmAnujAya nama: SrImadh varavaramunayE nama:
avathArikai (Introduction)
piLLai lOkAchAryar mercifully explains the difference between the two types of personalities who are shown as examples.
sUthram 188
kEvala nAsthikanaith thiruththalAm; Asthika nAsthikanai orunALum thiruththa oNNAdhu.
Simple Explanation
Pure atheist can be reformed; theist who has atheistic conduct can never be reformed.
vyAkyAnam (Commentary)
kEvala …
That is – the one who rejects SAsthram and acts as he feels, can be reformed to become bound by vidhi (ordained acts) and nishEdham (forbidden acts) by advising to have faith in SAsthram; but the one who has faith in SAsthram and who knows the essence of SAsthram, yet acting independently as an atheist would do, without any fear for sins, cannot be reformed since there is nothing new to be advised to him.
With this, it is explained that – ignorant person who is engaged in worldly pleasures can be reformed by advising about the defects of worldly pleasures etc but the knowledgeable person who is engaged in worldly pleasures cannot be reformed since he already knows the defects and still engages in them. It is said in “agyas sukhamArAdhya: sukhatharamArAdhyathE viSEshagya: | gyAnalava dhurvidhagdham brahmApi naram naranjayathi ||” (One who is ignorant can be easily taught about SAsthram; very knowledgeable person can also be easily taught; but the one who has a little bit knowledge but is proud about it cannot be reformed even by brahmA). Hence, the knowledgeable person engaged in worldly pleasures is very lowly compared to the ignorant person engaged in worldly pleasures.
adiyen sarathy ramanuja dasan
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