SrI: SrImathE satakOpAya nama: SrImathE rAmAnujAya nama: SrImadh varavaramunayE nama:
sUthram 30
கர்த்ருத்வ போ4க்த்ருத்வங்கள் ஜ்ஞாநாவஸ்த்தா2 விசேஷங்களாகையாலே.
karthruthva bhOkthruthvangaL gyAna avasthA viSEshangaLAgaiyAlE.
Meaning: Doership and experiencership are special states connected with knowledge.
Explanation
In the previous sUthram it was stated that, once the soul is established as a ज्ञाता (gyAthA), the knower, its कर्तृत्व (karthruthva) and भोक्तृत्व (bhOkthruthva) are also implied.
The reason for this is now explained.
As stated:
हेयोपादेयताज्ञानमूलं ज्ञातृत्वमात्मनः तत्तत्प्रहाणोपादानचिकीर्षाकार्तृत्वाश्रया।
(hEyOpAdhEyathA gyAnamUlam gyAthruthvam Athmana: thaththath-prahANOpAdhAna chikIrshA karthruthvASrayA.)
The soul’s ज्ञातृत्व (gyAthruthva), its nature as a knower, gives rise to the knowledge of what is to be rejected (हेय – hEya) and what is to be accepted (उपादेय – upAdhEya).
From such knowledge arises the desire to reject the undesirable and obtain the desirable. This desire (चिकीर्षा – chikIrshA) is the basis of कर्तृत्व (karthruthva), doership.
Since only a doer can possess such intention and effort, doership is closely connected with knowledge.
Strictly speaking, कर्तृत्व (karthruthva) means being the locus of action. Action itself follows a sequence such as:
जानाति, इच्छति, प्रयतते, करोति
(jAnAthi, ichchathi, prayathathE, karOthi)
“He knows, he desires, he strives, he acts.”
Since action arises after knowledge and desire, doership is spoken of as a special state connected with knowledge.
Similarly, भोक्तृत्व (bhOkthruthva) means being the experiencer of pleasure and pain.
Experience (भोग – bhOga) is nothing but cognition in the form of pleasure and pain. Therefore, experiencership too is connected with knowledge and is described as a special state of knowledge.
Thus, because ज्ञातृत्व (gyAthruthva), कर्तृत्व (karthruthva), and भोक्तृत्व (bhOkthruthva) are so closely related, when knowerhood is mentioned, doership and experiencership are naturally understood.
Therefore, there is no defect in saying that once ज्ञातृत्व (gyAthruthva) is established, कर्तृत्व (karthruthva) and भोक्तृत्व (bhOkthruthva) have already been conveyed.
adiyen vAsudhEva rAmAnuja dhAsan
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